During estrus, GnRH from the hypothalamus
stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce FSH and LH. First FSH and
then LH stimulate the growth of follicles on the ovaries. As the follicles
get larger, one follicle gets larger than the rest and it produces both
estrogen in response to LH and inhibin in response to FSH. The inhibin
feeds back on the anterior pituitary to inhibit the secretion of FSH.
This prevents further follicles from developing as FSH levels go down.
The estrogen produced from the largest follicle feeds back on the anterior
pituitary and hypothalamus to stimulate GnRH and LH secretion which
in turn increases estrogen. This positive feedback loop continues until
the LH triggers ovulation of the follicle. The estrogen also triggers
estrus behavior and an increase in fluid accumulation in the uterine
tissue known as edema.