Fertilization Review Quiz

 

1. The findings of Austin and Chang provided evidence that sperm must undergo changes, termed capacitation, within the female tract that allow them to fertilize an oocyte.
True
 False
2. If seminal plasma is added to capacitated sperm it will decapacitate these sperm. The sperm must undergo capacitation again before they could fertilize an oocyte.
True
 False
3. Hyperactivation of sperm involves an increase in the amplitude of tail beat and is important for movement of sperm up the oviduct and penetration through cumulus cells.
True
 False
4. The acrosome reaction involves the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane and plasma membrane.
True
 False
5. The site of the physiologically important acrosome reaction is when sperm are released from oviduct epithelial cells in the isthmus of the oviduct.
True
 False
6. Which of the following is the primary mechanism to block polyspermy in humans and cattle.
Choice 1 Hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane also called the vitelline membrane.
 Choice 2 Inactivation of sperm within the perivitelline space.
 Choice 3 Modification to the zona pellucida that prevents further sperm penetration.
 Choice 4 A mechanism within the cytoplasm of the oocyte that allows only 1 sperm to participate in syngamy.
7. If a capacitated sperm was blocked from binding to the zona, it would not undergo the zona pelucida induced acrosome reaction.
True
 False
8. ZP2 is responsible for inducing the acrosome reaction in capacitated sperm.
True
 False
9. Which of the following events occur in the cytoplasm of a sperm undergoing capacitation.
Choice 1 Increase in calcium.
 Choice 2 Increase in pH.
 Choice 3 Increase in cAMP.
 Choice 4 Increase in transcription.
10. Which of the following mechanism are thought to be principally responsible for the calcium increase in the oocyte at sperm penetration.
Choice 1 Release from sperm of a soluble PLC molecule during sperm fusion with the oocyte plasma membrane.
 Choice 2 Binding of sperm to a receptor on the surface of the oocyte that initiates a PLC release in the oocyte.
 Choice 3 Direct release of calcium from within the sperm into the oocyte.
 Choice 4 Leakage of calcium into the oocyte from a pore created by sperm penetration.
11. The increase in calcium within the oocyte at sperm penetration leads to a destruction of MPF.
True
 False
12. The MPF levels in an unfertilized oocyte at metaphase II of meiosis would be considered to be low.
True
 False
13. During sperm decondensation in the oocyte cytoplasm, the sperm nucleus shrinks to a point of chromatin.
True
 False
14. Sygamy is when two pronuclei fuse in the zygote.
True
 False